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CHRISTIAN R. BERGREEN, OF ROITZSGH, PRUSSIA, GERMANY.

COCK FOR GASEOUS AND LIQUID FLUIDS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 239,293, dated March 22, 1881.

Application tiled July,12, 1830. (No model i To all whom it may concern: i

Be it known that I, GHRIsTIAN RUDOLPH BERGREEN, ot' Roitzsch, Kingdom of Prussia, Germany, have invented new and useful lmprovements in Cocks for Gaseous and Liquid' Fluidsvhercot` the following is a specification.

My improved cock is provided with a plug divided into two or more parts and arranged iu such a manner that the pressure of` the arriving uid is utilized for obtainin g a complete tightness of the cock `when closed, and that it is allowed to act uniformly on the two end surfaces ofthe plug.

The invention is represented on the annexed sheet ot' drawings by the Figures 1 to 7.

In the cock shown by Figs. 1, 2, and 3 the plug consists of two parts, a and b, of unequal size, the part b being the one by which the outlet branch or aperture t' is to be closed. Between the said parts one, two, orl more springs,

cc, of any suitable shape, are placed, which,

while tending to separate the parts from each other, keep them in contact with the wall ot' the shell e; but these springs are not intended to be of such strength as would he required to cause a perfect tightness of the cock. This tightness is, on the contrary, mainly obtained by the pressure of the arriving tluid when the plug is turned, so that the part b covers the outlet-aperture i. AFor this purpose the part a of the plug is provided with a hole or slit, g,

. which allows the gas or liquid, &c., coming from h to enter into the plug and to pressr (with assistance of the springs c) against b, in consequence whereof this part will tightly close the aperture z'. The arriving gas or liquid can also pass through the slit between a and b into y the spaces above and below the plug, whereby `the pressures on the ends of the same are approXirnately or entirely equilibrated, according as these surfaces are nearly or fully equal in area.

For the purpose of keeping the plug in its place, a spring, f, may be inserted between it and the stuffing-box; but the pressure of this springneed `be but light.

Figs. 4 and 5 represent a cock similar to the one1 described, except that the two parts into which the plug is divided are equal. The stem d is, in this case, a separate piece, which projects with its square end into a corresponding recess of the plug. Itis, moreover, forked, so

that the spring may puss through the same', and a collar, k, and ring l, on which latter the springf presses, serve to keep it in its place.

The arrangement of the said stein does not, however, constitute an essential feature of the invention, and may be modified in various manners. If the plug consists of three or more parts, it must be provided at either end with a corresponding number ot' co-operati n g springs,

which may, however, be connected together;

ythe drawings are of conical form, they may be made cylindrical, if preferred, especially when they consist of three or more parts. The invention may also be applied to cocks with three or more ways.

The plugs arranged as hereinbefore described present the advantage that they can always be turned with facility, and that they guarantee a complete tightness of the plug.

v It may sometimes be advantageous not to have a space for the fluid to enter into above the plug, especially when the cock is used for thick and muddy liquids, as the solid substances contained in the latter are apt to form in this space sediments which render the turning of the plug difficult. In such case the spring f is omitted, and the stuffing-box packing, which may be made of an elastic material, is allowed to bear on the body of the plug. An annular disk should, however, always be inserted between the latter and the packing. For preventing the plug from being pressed too tightly into-the shell e, when this arrangement is adapted, and for allowing it to be turned easily, 'a screw may be passed through the bottom ot the cockso as to bear against the plug from below and receive a part of the pressure caused by the packing. This screw is especially of advantage when the plug ishut `slightly tapered.

The cock arranged according to my inveu tion may also be used in an inverted position, so thatthe narrow end ot' the plug, to which, in this ease, the stem is attached, is turned upward. The plug of the so-moditied cock may be equilibrated in the hereinbefore-described manner or not, as may be desired, and in either case a spring pressing against the large end of the plug may be employed for `preventing it from slipping out of its seat. It will, however, be evident that the above-described improvements may be applied to cooks of any known construction.

I claim as my inventionl. The combination, with the shell of the cock and the plug-seat therein, ofa hollow plug divided into two or more parts, i b, fitting the seat, and held in contact therewith by one or more springs, c, and formed with a slit and opening, through which the arriving fluid, when the cock is closed, is admitted to the interior of the plug, so as to expand the plugsections against the walls of the seat, as shown and set forth.

2. In combination with the shell, the hollow divided plug composed ot' two or more sections, a b, maintained in Contact with the shell by one or more springs, c, formed with an opening through which the arriving fluid, when the cook is closed, is admitted to the interior of the plug, and with slits or passages through b 

